Register many handlers

We added two handlers in the previous section, but we reference them both explicitly by name when we build NewServeMux. This will quickly become inconvenient if we add more handlers.

It's preferable if NewServeMux doesn't know how many handlers or their names, and instead just accepts a list of handlers to register.

Let's do that.

1. Modify NewServeMux to operate on a list of Route objects.

   func NewServeMux(routes []Route) *http.ServeMux {
      mux := http.NewServeMux()
      for _, route := range routes {
          mux.Handle(route.Pattern(), route)
      }
      return mux
   }
   

2. Annotate the NewServeMux entry in main to say that it accepts a slice that contains the contents of the "routes" group.

          fx.Provide(
              NewHTTPServer,
              fx.Annotate(
                  NewServeMux,
                  fx.ParamTags(`group:"routes"`),
              ),
   

3. Define a new function AsRoute to build functions that feed into this group.

   // AsRoute annotates the given constructor to state that
   // it provides a route to the "routes" group.
   func AsRoute(f any) any {
      return fx.Annotate(
          f,
          fx.As(new(Route)),
          fx.ResultTags(`group:"routes"`),
      )
   }
   

4. Wrap the NewEchoHandler and NewHelloHandler constructors in main() with AsRoute so that they feed their routes into this group.

          fx.Provide(
              AsRoute(NewEchoHandler),
              AsRoute(NewHelloHandler),
              zap.NewExample,
          ),
   

5. Finally, run the application.

   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"main.NewHTTPServer()","type":"*http.Server"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"fx.Annotate(main.NewServeMux(), fx.ParamTags([\"group:\\\"routes\\\"\"])","type":"*http.ServeMux"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"fx.Annotate(main.NewEchoHandler(), fx.ResultTags([\"group:\\\"routes\\\"\"]), fx.As([[main.Route]])","type":"main.Route[group = \"routes\"]"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"fx.Annotate(main.NewHelloHandler(), fx.ResultTags([\"group:\\\"routes\\\"\"]), fx.As([[main.Route]])","type":"main.Route[group = \"routes\"]"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"go.uber.org/zap.NewExample()","type":"*zap.Logger"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"go.uber.org/fx.New.func1()","type":"fx.Lifecycle"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"go.uber.org/fx.(*App).shutdowner-fm()","type":"fx.Shutdowner"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"provided","constructor":"go.uber.org/fx.(*App).dotGraph-fm()","type":"fx.DotGraph"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"initialized custom fxevent.Logger","function":"main.main.func1()"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"invoking","function":"main.main.func2()"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"OnStart hook executing","callee":"main.NewHTTPServer.func1()","caller":"main.NewHTTPServer"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"Starting HTTP server","addr":":8080"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"OnStart hook executed","callee":"main.NewHTTPServer.func1()","caller":"main.NewHTTPServer","runtime":"5µs"}
   {"level":"info","msg":"started"}
   

6. Send requests to it.

   $ curl -X POST -d 'hello' http://localhost:8080/echo
   hello
   
   $ curl -X POST -d 'gopher' http://localhost:8080/hello
   Hello, gopher
   

What did we just do?

We annotated NewServeMux to consume a value group as a slice, and we annotated our existing handler constructors to feed into this value group. Any other constructor in the application can also feed values into this value group as long as the result conforms to the Route interface. They will all be collected together and passed into our ServeMux constructor.

Related Resources

• Value groups further explains what value groups are, and how to use them.